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/Unity 3D Basics: Camera, Materials, Physics, and Input System
Unity 3D Basics: Camera, Materials, Physics, and Input System
Learn about the camera, materials, physics, and input system in Unity to increase our proficiency with Unity.
Camera object in our Unity project
Whenever a new Unity project is created, it generates an empty scene with a camera. Alternatively, the camera can be added by going to GameObject > Camera. The camera component should appear as follows:
The default main camera is added to the scene, as shown in the “Hierarchy” window. The camera can be placed at any desired position in the “Scene” view because the display of the camera is visible in the “Game” view. Other than that, the camera’s properties can be inspected by the “Inspector” window. Some of the properties are discussed in the following section.
Camera Properties
Properties | Description |
Background | This setting indicates the color of the background when no skybox is present, and all elements in view have been drawn. |
Culling Mask | This includes or excludes the layers associated with objects in the rendering process. The default setting is “Everything,” which renders all objects. |
Projection | This feature allows for two different projection modes: perspective and orthographic. In perspective mode, we can view objects with depth and observe the spatial relationships between objects. On the other hand, the orthographic mode does not possess depth, rendering all objects uniformly. |
FOV (field of view) Axis | Vertical/horizontal |
Field of view | The large box in front of the camera represents the camera's field of view along the axis selected in the FOV Axis property. |
Physical Camera | The Unity Physical Camera properties are used to accurately simulate real-world cameras. This includes parameters such as focal length, sensor size, and lens shift. With these features, we can produce a more realistic image and enhance the visuals of our scenes. |
Depth | The Depth setting in a Unity camera controls how objects in the scene are placed along the camera's axis. It's used to set the range of visible layers. Objects with a higher depth value will be rendered closer to the camera, while objects with a lower depth value will be rendered farther away. |
Meshes and models
Meshes in Unity are 3D objects made up of triangles that form the geometry of a 3D object. They describe the physical shape of a GameObject and allow developers to create complex 3D objects from very simple shapes. Meshes can contain various materials and textures, allowing for more detailed graphics, animations, and physics interactions. They are also used to create particle effects and other special effects in games. Finally, meshes provide ...