Further Reading

Overview

This lesson provides additional resources that can enhance your understanding of the concepts behind the puzzles. These resources are grouped by each puzzle to help you navigate through different C++ concepts more effectively. Use these resources to learn more and get a better understanding of the covered topics.

Additional resources

Here are the resources to explore for each puzzle:

How Many Degrees?

• Constructors and member initializer lists

• Types of constructors in C++

• What are initializer lists in C++

String Theory

• Overload resolution

• The std::string

• String literal

• What is a raw string literal in C++?

• How to use std::string::substr() in C++

• What is std::string::append() in C++?

• What is std::basic_string::basic_string in C/C++?

• What is std::basic_string::capacity in C/C++?

• What is std::basic_string::c_str in C/C++?

Hack the Planet!

• Undefined behavior

• Deep C (and C++) by Olve Maudal and Jon Jagger

• List of sanitizers

Going Global

• Zero-initialization

• More About Initialization of Global Variables: From Program to Process

A Destructive Relationship

• CppReference on destructors

• The C++ standard on destructors and subobjects

• When to use virtual destructors

Who’s Up First?

• Constructors and member initializer lists

• Types of constructors in C++

• What are initializer lists in C++?

All Good Things Must Come to an End

• More About Dynamic Initialization: How to Start a Program

• CppReference on initialization

• The C++ standard on initialization and termination

• Static Initialization Order Fiasco (SIOF)

Will It Move?

• Move constructors

• Copy constructors

• Direct-initialization

• The std::move

• The difference between a no move constructor and a deleted move constructor

• What is a move constructor in C++?

• Copy constructor in C++

Counting Copies

• Blog post from 2011 demonstrating how mainstream compilers were already doing copy elision very well

• Guaranteed Copy Elision Does Not Elide Copies

• Return value optimization/copy elision

• The Itanium C++ ABI

• All the assembly in this puzzle explained

A Strange Assignment

• Lvalues, rvalues, glvalues, prvalues, xvalues, help!

• What are rvalues, lvalues, xvalues, glvalues, and prvalues?

What’s the Time of Death?

• Lifetime of a temporary

• Final fix of broken range-based for loop

A False Start

• Class initialization order

A Constant Struggle

• Template argument deduction

• Deducing template arguments from a function call

Aristotle’s Sum of Parts

• The Usual Arithmetic Confusions

• 64-bit data models

• Fundamental types

• What are primitive data types in C++?

• Usual arithmetic conversions

• Integral promotions

Back from the Future

• The std::async

• The std::atomic

• Definition of data races in the C++ standard

• ThreadSanitizer

• What is atomic type in C++?

• What are atomic flags in C++?

An Overloaded Container

• List-initialization

• The std::initializer_list

• The std::vector constructors

A Strong Point

• Direct-initialization

• Copy-initialization

• C++ core guidelines C.46: By default, declare single-argument constructors explicit

Moving Out

• The std::string constructors

• Moved-from state of library types

• Valid but unspecified state

A Little Sum Thing

• The Usual Arithmetic Confusions

• Core guideline ES.100: Don’t mix signed and unsigned arithmetic

Monsters on the Move

• Lvalues, rvalues, glvalues, prvalues, xvalues, help!

• The difference between a no move constructor and a deleted move constructor

Sizing Up Some Characters

• The sizeof operator

• The std::size function template

The Phantom Spaceship

• Template method design pattern

• Curiously recurring template pattern (CRTP)

Off to a Good Start

• Order of evaluation

A Specialized String Theory

• Why Not Specialize Function Templates?

• Full Specialization of Function Templates

• C++ core guideline T.144: Don’t specialize function templates

Weakly Typed, Strongly Puzzling

• CppReference on implicit conversions

• Implicit conversion sequences in the standard