Explore fun brain teasers to hone your logic, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Gain insights into Go and practice to avoid future mistakes.

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Who knew puzzles could be fun? Puzzles and brain teasers are a great way to practice your critical thinking and improve your logic and problem-solving skills. This course provides a basic understanding of Go. The teasers in this course will help you practice what you already know and help avoid future mistakes.

Go Brain Teasers

# Try it yourself ##
Try executing the code below to see the result.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

func main() {
	city1, city2 := "Krakow", "Kraków"
	fmt.Println(city1 == city2)
}




# Explanation ##
In the code above, do the two strings look similar? Yes. However, if we print the length of each variable, the length of `city1` will be 6, and the length of `city2` will be 7.



Go’s strings are UTF-8 encoded byte slices. UTF-8 has many features. Some of the characters (runes) are not for display but are instead usedcontrol—like in text direction, also called **bidi** (short for bidirectional).

The `city1` variable has a 1-byte rune at position 4 (ó), while `city2` has the o rune in position 4 and a control character saying “add an umlaut to the previous character.” We call these coding techniques  Normalization Form Canonical Composition (NFC) and Normalization Form Canonical Decomposition (NFD).

When we compare strings, they are compared at the byte level. This is why we’ll see `false` as the output. To fix this, we need to use an external library called [norm](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm).

Learn about a pitfall related to UTF-8 encoding.

Before We Begin

Puzzles

Wrapping Up

Puzzle 15 Explanation: Length of Each Variable

Try it yourself

Explanation