Solution Set of a Linear System

Learn about the different possible solutions of a linear system and how to interpret them using reduced row echelon form.

Given a system of linear equations, there are two questions we can ask about its solution:

  • Does a solution exist?
  • If a solution exists, is it unique?

Solution set of a linear system and rrefrref

Because the reduced row echelon form (rrefrref) is the maximally simplified version of a linear system, it’s easier to comprehend the solution from the rrefrref than from the original system. The two questions stated above can be answered by a simple analysis of rrefrref of a linear system. However, to perform that analysis, we need to be familiar with a few simple terminologies.

Pivot variables vs. free variables

A variable with a corresponding column that has a pivot is called a pivot variable. In contrast, a variable with a corresponding column in rrefrref that doesn’t contain a pivot is called a free variable.

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