Explore puzzles designed to enhance your critical thinking and problem-solving skills using pandas. Gain insights into common pitfalls and sharpen your data manipulation techniques.

test.tar.gz

test

test2

Puzzles are a great way to practice your critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This course assumes a basic understanding of pandas.  The teasers and puzzles in this course are designed to help you practice what you already know and help avoid future mistakes.

Pandas Brain Teasers

# Try it yourself
Try executing the code below to see the result.

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame([
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('3s')],
  ['133.68.18.180', pd.Timedelta('2s')],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.NaT],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('4s')],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('2s')],
], columns=['ip', 'duration'])

by_ip = (
  df['duration']
  .fillna(pd.Timedelta(seconds=1))
  .groupby(df['ip'])
  .sum()
)
print(by_ip)

# Explanation
The surprising fact here is that the teaser contains valid Python code. Python’s use of white space is pretty unique in programming languages. Some
programmers don’t like it. However, the white space does make the code more readable.

The Python documentation has this to say:
>"A logical line is constructed from one or more physical lines by following the explicit or implicit line joining rules."

And a bit later, the same documentation goes on to say the following:

> "Expressions in parentheses, square brackets, or curly braces can be split over more than one physical line without using backslashes."

What we can infer from the documentation is listed below:
* Neither `'a'` nor `'b'` is valid.
* There are two tuples: `('a', 'b')` and `(a , b)`.
* The tuple `('a', 'b')` is the string `'ab'`.

We can use this implicit line joining to make our code more clear. For complex operations, we can do method chaining, which is what was done in the teaser.

The `pandas.DataFrame` has a `pipe` method which can be used in chaining.

When constructing lists or tuples in multiple lines, we should add a **dangling
comma** (also called trailing comma or final comma) after the last entry.
```py
colors = [
'red',
'green',
'blue', # ← A dangling comma
]
```

Not only will the dangling comma save us from bugs, but there will also be only one line change in code reviews if we add another color. Sadly, not every language or format allows for dangling commas. 

Let’s learn how to perform different operations with pandas DataFrame values.

Before We Begin

Puzzles

Wrapping Up

Implicit Line Joining

Try it yourself

Explanation