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One-to-One Unidirectional Relationship

One-to-One Unidirectional Relationship

Learn how to model a unidirectional 1-1 relationship.

We'll cover the following...

To model a one-to-one relationship, consider the scenario where a player has a profile that stores his details. We have a player table which stores the basic information about the player like id and name and a player_profile table which stores the additional details like the social media accounts of the players. There is a one-to-one relationship between player and player-profile tables, and in this lesson, we will model it as a one-way/ unidirectional relationship.

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Player has a one-to-one relationship with PlayerProfile
Player has a one-to-one relationship with PlayerProfile

To keep the code organized, create a new package in io.datajek.databaserelationships. We will call it onetoone. Copy the DatabaseRelationshipsApplication.java file from the main package to the onetoone package.

Creating entities

Create a Player class and mark it as an entity using @Entity annotation. We will only create id and player name fields at the moment to keep this example simple.

Since Id is the primary key, we will mark it with @Id annotation and let Hibernate generate values for this column using the @GeneratedValue annotation and a GenerationType of IDENTITY. Hibernate requires a default constructor. We will also create an overloaded constructor to create the object using fields, getters and setters for the fields, and a toString() method. 

@Entity

public class Player {



    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private int Id;



    private String name;

    //constructors

    public Player( ) {

    }



    public Player(String name) {

        super();

        this.name = name;

    }

    //getters and setters

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }



    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }



    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }



    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }



    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "Player [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";

    }

}
Player entity

Next, we will create the PlayerProfile class in the onetoone package to hold miscellaneous information about a player and also mark it as an entity. For now, this class will only store the player’s Twitter account handle.

@Entity

public class PlayerProfile {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private int Id;

    private String twitter;



    //constructor

    //getters and setters

    //toString method

}
PlayerProfile entity

We will mark the primary key with @Id annotation and generate the constructors, getters, setters and ToString() method as we did for the Player class. The full code of the PlayerProfile class can be seen from the executable code widget.

Running the application now will create two tables, player and player_profile, with no relationship defined between them. You can confirm this by visiting the H2 console at http://localhost:8080/h2-console (using jdbc:h2:mem:testdb as the connection URL).

One-to-One relationship

In SQL, we represent relationships using primary key and foreign key. Foreign keys are used to link tables together. A foreign key is a field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table. We will see how the same can be achieved using Hibernate (which is the default implementation of Spring Data JPA). ...