Explore how computer systems store, manipulate, and convert various data types like text, images, and videos through integrated software and hardware. Gain insights into accessible data representation.

Computer systems do not understand human instructions, nor can they perceive real-life data in its raw form. Therefore, computer systems require a way to store and represent information in an accessible way. They use software and hardware components combined to help retrieve information, store it, manipulate it, and convert it back to a human-accessible format. If you want to learn how computer systems perform complex tasks such as storing and manipulating textual data, videos, music, images of your cat, and much more, this course is meant for you.

Information Representation in Computer Systems

# Types of images
The following are the common types of images used in digital computers.
## A black and white image


These images require representation of just two colors per pixel. Each pixel with the value 0 represents the color black, while each pixel with the value 1 represents the color white.
The total number of pixels in an image can be found by multiplying the number of horizontal pixels with the number of vertical pixels.

There are 6 horizontal and 6 vertical pixels. Therefore, the total number of pixels is 6 $\times$ 6 = 36. 

There are 6 horizontal and 6 vertical pixels. Therefore, the total number of pixels is 6 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mo>×</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\times</annotation></semantics></math>× 6 = 36.

What is the total number of pixels in the above figure?

What is the total number of pixels in the above figure?

Answer this question before moving forward.

Answer this question before moving forward.

A **grayscale image** is one in which the value of each pixel is a single sample representing only an amount of light. In other words, it carries only intensity information. Each pixel in a grayscale image typically contains a number between 0 and 255. Therefore, each pixel requires 8 bits at most from the memory. So, for an image that has 36 pixels, as shown in the image, we will altogether require 36 $\times$ 8 = 288 bits or 36 bytes of memory. Sometimes, professional photographers, even today, want to take grayscale images for better image enhancements.

In this lesson, you will learn how images are represented in a computer system.

Computer basics

Hardware and Software Components of a Computer

Data Representation in Python

Image, Audio, and Video Representation in Python

Data Compression

Image Representation

Types of images

A black and white image

A grayscale image