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JavaScript for Python Programmers

Classes and Objects

Explore the core concepts of classes and objects in both JavaScript and Python. Learn to define classes, instantiate objects, use constructors, and understand access modifiers to organize and encapsulate code effectively across these languages.

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In both JavaScript and Python, classes and objects are foundational to object-oriented programming (OOP). They help in organizing code, making it reusable, and modular by encapsulating data and behavior within cohesive blocks.

Classes

In Python, a class serves as a blueprint for creating objects (instances). It encapsulates data (attributes) and behavior (methods) related to those objects. Classes are defined using the class keyword, followed by the class name and a colon (:). They can contain attributes and methods.

Python 3.5
class Car:
  # Constructor
  def __init__(self, make, model):
    self.make = make
    self.model = model
  # Method to display car details
  def display_info(self):
    print("Make:", self.make)
    print("Model:", self.model)
# Creating an object of the Car class
my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry")
my_car.display_info()

In JavaScript, a class also serves as a blueprint for creating objects. It defines object properties (fields) and behaviors (methods). Classes in JavaScript are declared using the class keyword followed by the class name. They can contain constructors, methods, and instance variables.

Javascript (babel-node)
class Car {
  // Constructor
  constructor(make, model) {
    this.make = make;
    this.model = model;
  }
  // Method to display car details
  displayInfo() {
    console.log("Make: " + this.make);
    console.log("Model: " + this.model);
  }
}
// Create an instance of the Car class
const myCar = new Car("Toyota", "Corolla");
// Call the displayInfo method to display the car details
myCar.displayInfo();

Differences between Python and JavaScript classes:

  • Syntax: Python uses indentation to define the scope of classes and methods, whereas JavaScript uses curly braces {}.

  • Constructor: In Python, the constructor is defined using the __init__ method, while in JavaScript, it is defined using the constructor method.

  • Access modifiers: JavaScript classes do not have built-in access modifiers like public, protected, or private (though private fields can be simulated with the # syntax), whereas Python uses naming conventions like a single or double underscore ...