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All LessonsFree Lessons (4)

Introduction to Logical Thinking

A Nugget from the World of Logic The Logical Flow of the Course on Logic

Fallacies in Logic

Fallacies and Fallacious Arguments Fallacies of Relevance Fallacies of Defective Induction Fallacies of Ambiguity Exercise: Recognize and Apply Invalid Everyday Arguments

Logical Argument

Logic and Language Syntax and Semantics Complicating Sentences Using Logical Operators The IF-THEN Implication Build a Logical Argument Exercise: Recognize an Argument

What Is Logic?

The Definition and Scope of Logic Building Blocks of Logic Validity and Truth Discover the Laws of Logic Knowledge and Reasoning Logician vs. Scientist Exercise: Recognize Valid Arguments in Everyday Life

First Theory of Logic: Aristotle’s Logic

Categorical Propositions Categorical Syllogism and Forms First Mechanization for Validity

Second Theory of Logic: Propositional Logic

Relaxing Some Constraints of Syllogism Symbols and Connectives Validity through Truth Tables Rules of Inference Rules of Substitution Proofs by Natural Deduction Exercise: Truth Table Knowledge

Third Theory of Logic: Predicate Logic

Predicate Logic Predicate Functions and Quantifiers Validity through Predicate Logic

Logical Reasoning in Action

Logic in a Legal Case

Logic in Problem Solving and Puzzles

Logic in Computing

Wrap Up

Logical Milestone

Logical Thinking/

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Logic in Problem Solving and Puzzles

Logic in Problem Solving and Puzzles

Learn about Polya’s steps to solve a problem with the help of a puzzle.

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Problem solving

George Polya taught us four steps in solving problems. Solving a logical puzzle involves:

Understanding the problem
Devising a strategy or a plan for solving the ...