performance.tar.gz

Puppeteer

XPath, or XML path, is a query language used for locating a node from a DOM. It is one of the most common ways of identifying an element while writing Selenium UI tests.

In this course, you will learn various techniques for writing an expression that identifies a complex locator. In the process, you will also learn the tips and tricks of writing an efficient and optimized locator. We have used puppeteer with Javascript to demonstrate evaluating an XPath expression in this course.

This course is designed for both beginner and intermediate level developers, as well as QA engineers who want to master the art of writing effective XPath expressions.

Mastering XPath for Selenium

## What are axes?

Axis (or plural form “axes”) represents the relationship between the current context node and the target node that we want to locate in the DOM hierarchy. We have already discussed the document tree and family-like hierarchy between nodes in previous lessons.

In this lesson, we’ll learn about using XPath axes such as `ancestor`, `descendant`, `parent`, `child`, `siblings`, etc. while writing the expressions.

## HTML structure considered for demonstration

Let us consider the following HTML structure to learn about the different axes offered in XPath:

```html
<html>
<body>
    <div>
        <table id='operators'>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="1">1</span></td>
                <td><span id="2">2</span></td>
                <td><span id="3">3</span></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="4">4</span></td>
                <td><span id="5">5</span></td>
                <td><span id="6">6</span></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="7">7</span></td>
                <td><span id="8">8</span></td>
                <td><span id="10">10</span></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
</body>
</html>
```

## List of axes

The table below shows the list of axes that can be used in XPath:


# What are axes?

Axis (or plural form “axes”) represents the relationship between the current context node and the target node that we want to locate in the DOM hierarchy. We have already discussed the document tree and family-like hierarchy between nodes in previous lessons.

In this lesson, we’ll learn about using XPath axes such as `ancestor`, `descendant`, `parent`, `child`, `siblings`, etc. while writing the expressions.

# HTML structure considered for demonstration

Let us consider the following HTML structure to learn about the different axes offered in XPath:

```html
<html>
<body>
    <div>
        <table id='operators'>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="1">1</span></td>
                <td><span id="2">2</span></td>
                <td><span id="3">3</span></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="4">4</span></td>
                <td><span id="5">5</span></td>
                <td><span id="6">6</span></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><span id="7">7</span></td>
                <td><span id="8">8</span></td>
                <td><span id="10">10</span></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
</body>
</html>
```

# List of axes

The table below shows the list of axes that can be used in XPath:


Get a brief introduction about axes provided in XPath in this lesson.

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XPath Axes

What are axes?