Discover challenging Python brain teasers that test your skills and stretch your thinking. Gain insights into advanced concepts and enhance your understanding of this versatile language.

Forget Scrabble, Boggle, or Wordle. Tease your mind and test your skills with these fun brain teasers designed to stretch your thinking and expand your understanding of one of the most widely used languages out there. 

Python is simple. These puzzles are not. Good luck!

Python Brain Teasers

# Let's try it!
Try executing the code below to verify the results:

class Player:
    # Number of players in the Game 
    count = 0
    def __init__(self, name): 
        self.name = name
        self.count += 1 
p1 = Player('Parzival')
print(Player.count)

# Code explanation

When we write `self.count`, we’re doing an attribute lookup. The attribute that we’re looking for in this case is `count`. Getting an attribute in Python is a complex operation. Almost every Python object stores its attributes in a `dict` called `__dict__`.

Python will first try to find the attribute in the instance dictionary, then in the instance’s class dictionary `__class__`, and then up the inheritance hierarchy `__mro__`.
 Finally, if the attribute we’re looking for is not found, Python will raise an `AttributeError`.


> **Tip**: Python’s attribute lookup is quite complex. Some objects such as C extensions and classes with __slots__ don’t have a __dict__. There are also descriptors, the __getattribute__ special methods, and other special cases.


Here’s some possible code for the algorithm, which is implemented in Python using the built-in `getattr` method:

```python 
def get_attr(obj, name): 
    """Emulate built in getattr""" 
    if name in obj.__dict__:
        print(f'found {name} in obj') 
        return obj.__dict__[name]

    if name in obj.__class__.__dict__: 
        print(f'found {name} in class') 
        return obj.__class__.__dict__[name]

for cls in obj.__class__.__mro__: 
    if name in cls.__dict__:
        print(f'found {name} in {cls.__name__}') 
        return cls.__dict__[name]
        
raise AttributeError(name)

```

Let’s find out how attribute lookup works in Python.

Before We Begin

Python Puzzles

Wrapping Up

Puzzle 1: Explanation