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Understanding the AP CS A

What Is This Course About?

Test Preparation Guidelines

Exam Overview Test Structure Scoring Guidelines

Before We Begin

Introduction to Computers Introduction to Programming

Introduction to Java

What is Java?Writing Your First Java Program Printing Styles Commenting in Java Code Look Back: Introduction to Java Free Response Question: Printing Styles Solution Review: Printing Styles Quiz Yourself on Printing Styles and Comments

Unit 1: Primitive Types

Variables Types of Variables Primitive Data Types Operators Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators Type Casting Rounding Double Type Variables The final Keyword Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: Primitive Types Free Response Question 1: Equation Construction Solution Review 1: Equation Construction Free Response Question 2: Expression Evaluation Solution Review 2: Expression Evaluation Quiz Yourself on Variables and Data Types

Unit 2-1: Using Objects

Introduction to Classes Objects: Instances of Classes Constructors Methods Parameters and Return Types in Methods Different Classifications of Methods Look Back: Using Objects Quiz Yourself on Objects

Unit 2-2: Java Strings

Introduction to Strings API, Libraries, and Packages Basic Properties of a String Concatenation and Escape Sequences String Methods More on String Methods Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: Java Strings Free Response Question 1: Message Encryption Solution Review: Message Encryption Quiz Yourself on Strings

Unit 2-3: Java Math and Wrapper Classes

Java Wrapper Class: Integer Java Wrapper Class: Double Autoboxing and Unboxing Using the Math Class Basic Math Functions Look Back: Java Math and Wrapper Classes Free Response Question 1: Visualize a Triangle in a Circle Solution Review: Visualize a Triangle in a Circle Free Response Question 2: Visualize a Vector and Its Components Solution Review: Visualize a Vector and Its Components Quiz Yourself on Math and Wrapper Classes

Unit 3: Boolean Expressions and if Statements

Boolean Expressions The if Statement The if-else Structure The else if Statement Free Response Question 1: Assign Grades to Students Solution Review: Assign Grades to Students Compound Boolean Expressions Equivalent Boolean Expressions Comparing Objects Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: Boolean Expressions and if Statements Free Response Question 2: Design an ATM Solution Review: Design an ATM Quiz Yourself on Boolean Expressions and if Statements

Unit 4: Iteration

Introduction to Loops while Loops for Loops Nested for loops Free Response Question 1: Car Parking Robot Solution Review: Car Parking Robot String Traversals Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: Iteration Free Response Question 2: Is String a Palindrome?Solution Review: Is String a Palindrome?Quiz Yourself on Iteration

Project I: Guess the Right Number

Getting Started The Game Logic Time to Code Solution Review

Unit 5: Writing Classes

The Anatomy of a Java Class Access Specifiers The Role of a Constructor Accessor Methods Mutator Methods Introduction to Data Hiding Common Mistakes To Avoid Static Variables and Methods The this Keyword Ethical and Social Implications of Computing Systems Look Back: Writing Classes Free Response Question: Design a PlayStation Solution Review: Design a PlayStation Quiz Yourself on Classes

Unit 6: Arrays

Introduction to Arrays Array Creation and Access Traversing Arrays Enhanced for Loop for Arrays Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: Arrays Free Response Question: Find the Top Scorer in a Class Solution Review: Find the Top Scorer in a Class Quiz Yourself on Arrays

Unit 7-1: ArrayList

Introduction to ArrayList ArrayList Methods Traversing an ArrayList Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: ArrayList Free Response Question 1: Removing Duplicates From an ArrayList Solution Review: Removing Duplicates From an ArrayList Free Response Question 2: Is ArrayList a Palindrome?Solution Review: Is ArrayList a Palindrome?Quiz Yourself on ArrayList

Unit 7-2: Searching and Sorting Algorithms

Searching Algorithms Selection Sort Insertion Sort Ethical Issues Around Data Collection Look Back: Searching and Sorting Algorithms Tracing Challenge: What's the Order?Quiz Yourself on Searching and Sorting Algorithms

Unit 8: 2D Arrays

Two Dimensional (2D) Arrays Traversing 2D Arrays Common Mistakes To Avoid Look Back: 2D Arrays Free Response Question 1: Mirror a 2D Array Solution Review: Mirror a 2D Array Free Response Question 2: Multiply the Matrices Solution Review: Multiply the Matrices Quiz Yourself on 2D Arrays

Project II: Tic-Tac-Toe

Getting Started Time To Code: Task I to III Solution Review: Task I to III Time To Code: Task IV Solution Review: Task IV Time To Code: Task V and VI Solution Review: Task V and VI

Project III: Amazon's Top 50 Bestselling Books Dataset

Getting Started Reading the Dataset Time To Code Solution Review

Unit 9-1: Inheritance

Introduction to Inheritance Superclasses and Subclasses Constructors of Subclasses Types of Inheritance Look Back: Inheritance Free Response Question: Design a Banking Application Solution Review: Design a Banking Application Quiz Yourself on Inheritance

Unit 9-2: Polymorphism

Introduction to Polymorphism Overriding Methods Polymorphism in Action Object Superclass Look Back: Polymorphism Free Response Question: Manage the Sign Boards Solution Review: Manage the Sign Boards Quiz Yourself on Polymorphism

Unit 9-3: Abstract Classes and Interfaces

Abstraction in Java Interfaces in Java Look Back: Abstract Classes and Interfaces Quiz Yourself on Abstraction and Interfaces

Unit 10: Recursion

Overview of Recursion The Structure of a Recursive Program Example 1: The Factorial of a Number Example 2: The Fibonacci Series Example 3: Merge Sort Look Back: Recursion Free Response Question: Recursive Binary Search Solution Review: Recursive Binary Search Quiz Yourself on Recursion

Project IV: Doctor on Call

Getting Started Time To Code: Task I to Task V Time To Code: Task VI to Task IX Solution Review: Task I to Task V Solution Review: Task VI to Task IX

Java Tools and Tips

Debugging in Java

Best Java Coding Practices

Wrapping Up

Appendix: Java Quick Reference Conclusion

Course Assessment

AP CS A Practice Exam 1

Course Assessment

AP CS A Practice Exam 2

Course Assessment

AP CS A Practice Exam 3

Ace the AP Computer Science Exam for High Schoolers/

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Debugging in Java

Debugging in Java

Get involved in a tea-table talk in this lesson.

We'll cover the following...

- Tea-table talk

❗ Note: This section introduces an important software development phase. It’s not a part of the AP CS A exam but is useful to know. The purpose is only to familiarize the students with the process.

Tea-table talk

In computer programming, the process of finding and resolving an error or a bug is called debugging. A bug is just another word for defects or problems that prevent correct operation of the program. There are some common types of errors:

Syntax error
Runtime error
Logical error

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Syntax errors arise due to syntax (grammatical) mistakes. For example, not ...