Gain insights into the command-line interface, delve into navigating file systems, creating scripts, and automating tasks to enhance productivity and control your computer efficiently.

Small, Sharp Software Tools by The Pragmatic Programmer_ .png

ubuntu.tar.gz

Python job

ncjob

In this course, you will get the chance to explore the command-line interface (CLI), starting with basics like navigating file systems and working with directories and files. Then, you will use those building blocks to tackle more advanced features and tasks within the CLI. You will also learn to turn basic commands into executable scripts and easily automate common tasks. This course will empower you to put the interface to work, take complete control of your computer, and hack your way to productivity.

Harnessing the Power of the Command-Line Interface

# Package manager
The operating system has a bunch of programs already installed, but we want to install more. We might be used to going to an app store or downloading some files from a website and installing them. Still, **POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface)** systems traditionally offer package managers to make downloading and installing software easy. Each operating system has its own package manager. Debian and Ubuntu use the apt package manager, while Fedora and CentOS use yum.

If we’re using Bash on Windows, we use `apt` because the Bash environment is based on Ubuntu.

# Installing packages on macOS

If we’re on macOS, we don’t have a package manager installed. We can install the package manager Homebrew2 by following the directions on its official homepage.


And for macOS with Homebrew, we use this command:

```
$ brew update
```

However, Homebrew updates its packages automatically before installing a package. Also, notice that we don’t need the `sudo` command with Homebrew. Homebrew installs programs into a directory within the `/usr/local` directory. During the Homebrew installation process, it modifies the permissions on that directory, so the user has access to modify its contents.

We install a few programs throughout this course using package managers, so let’s make sure everything works.

# Using yum and apt to install packages

Whenever you use the package manager to install a program, make sure you have the latest list of packages. The package manager will have a command that fetches that list for you. If you’re using apt, you’ll use this command:

```
$ sudo apt update
```


If we’re using yum, the command is similar:

```
$ sudo yum update
```

# Installing the tree package

Let’s install the tree package, which lets us visualize a directory structure. We’ll use it in the next chapter. For systems using apt, install it with the following command:

```
$ sudo apt install tree
```

If using yum, install tree with this command:

```
$ sudo yum install tree
```

And for macOS with Homebrew, use this command: 

```
$ brew install tree
```

The package manager will install the program. It may ask us to confirm the installation, which we should accept. Once the package is installed, we can use the `tree` command. Try it out.

```bash
$ tree --version
```

We’ll use the `tree` command throughout this course to visualize directory structures. Run this terminal to check the `tree` version and run some of the Linux commands. Avoid using yum here.



Learn how to install additional packages using the CLI.

Introduction

Creating an Ubuntu Virtual Machine with VirtualBox

Navigating the Filesystem

Working with Files and Directories

Streams Of Text

The Shell and Environment

Running and Managing Programs

Networking Tools

Automation

Additional Programs

Conclusion

Installing Additional Programs with a Package Manager

Package manager