Understanding Encapsulation Using Examples

Encapsulation refers to the concept of binding data and the methods operating on that data in a single unit also called a class.

The goal is to prevent this bound data from any unwanted access by the code outside this class. Let’s understand this using an example of a very basic User class.

Consider that we are up for designing an application and are working on modeling the log in part of that application. We know that a user needs a username and a password to log into the application.

A very basic User class will be modeled as:

• Having a field for the userName
• Having a field for the password
• A method named login() to grant access

Whenever a new user comes, a new object can be created by passing the userName and password to the constructor of this class.