Gain insights into software design patterns and architecture in C++. Learn about C++ idioms, concurrency patterns, and apply the right solutions to improve code quality and productivity.

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Software engineering researchers and practitioners noticed that parts of software projects could often be solved using approaches that were discovered earlier to solve similar problems. This led to the documentation of software design and architectural patterns, which are known solution approaches to a class of problems. 

This course starts by putting software patterns into perspective by answering the question, “What is a software pattern, and how is it different from an algorithm?” You will then learn about the two classes of patterns—software design and architecture patterns. Next, you’ll learn common C++ idioms. Finally, you will learn about software patterns for concurrency. 

By the end of the course, you will have useful and practical tools to improve the quality of your code and productivity. You’ll also be able to analyze a given part of your software project, pick the right pattern for the job, and apply it.

Master Software Design Patterns and Architecture in C++

# Example
In the following example, we have defined a `Component` named `Grafik`, which is implemented by `GrafikKompositum`, a composite object, and `Ellipse`, a leaf object. First, we add some leaf objects to the composite object and then print it. How will we do it? Let's have a look at the code and its explanation.


#include <iostream>
#include <set>

class Grafik {
public:
    virtual void print() const = 0;
    virtual ~Grafik() {} 
};

class GrafikKompositum : public Grafik {
    std::set<Grafik const*> children;
    typedef std::set<Grafik const*>::const_iterator grIter;
public:
    void print() const {
        for (grIter it = children.begin(); it != children.end(); it++) (*it)->print();
    }

    void add(Grafik const* component) {
        children.insert(component);
    }

    void remove(Grafik const* component) {
        children.erase(component);
    }
};

class Ellipse: public Grafik {
public:
    void print() const {
        std::cout << "Ellipse\n";
    }
};

int main(){
    Ellipse ellipse1, ellipse2, ellipse3, ellipse4;

    GrafikKompositum grafik1, grafik2, grafikGesamt;

    grafik1.add(&ellipse1);
    grafik1.add(&ellipse2);
    grafik1.add(&ellipse3);
    grafik2.add(&ellipse4);

    grafikGesamt.add(&grafik1);
    grafikGesamt.add(&grafik2);

    grafikGesamt.print();
}


# Code explanation
Let's explain the code above line by line:
* **Lines 4–8:** We created a component named `Grafik` with a pure `virtual` `print()` method and a destructor with the `virtual` keyword to avoid memory leaks. 

* **Lines 10–25:** We created a `GrafikKompositum`, a composite class that implements the `Grafik` class.  

* **Lines 14–16:** We initialized the iterator that will return the child component of the composite object. 

* **Lines 18–24:** We created the parametrized methods `add` and `remove` with the `Grafik const* component` that will add or remove a leaf and a composite object to our object.

* **Lines 27-32:** Along with a composite object, we defined a leaf object named `Ellipse` that also implements the same `Grafik` component. It has a `print()` method,  which will display `Ellipse.` 

* **Lines 35–37:** We created objects of `Ellipse` and `GrafikKompositum`.

* **Lines 39–41:** We added `ellipse1`, `ellipse2`, and `ellipse3` to the `grafik1` object.

* **Lines 42:** We added the `ellipse4` object to the `grafik2` object.

* **Lines 44–45:** We added composite objects `grafik1` `grafik2` to our composite object `grafikGesamt`.

* **Lines 47:** We called the print function, which will find the leaf objects and print them.


Learn the composite design pattern with some coding examples.

Introduction

Introduction to Design Patterns

Deep Dive into Design Patterns

More Design Patterns

Idioms

Architectural Patterns

Patterns for Concurrency

Conclusion

Composite Design Pattern Example

Example