Solution: Tag Dispatching

#include <iterator>
#include <forward_list>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
template <typename InputIterator, typename Distance>
void advance_impl(InputIterator& i, Distance n, std::input_iterator_tag) {
	std::cout << "InputIterator used" << '\n'; 
    while (n--) ++i;
}
template <typename BidirectionalIterator, typename Distance>
void advance_impl(BidirectionalIterator& i, Distance n, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag) {
	std::cout << "BidirectionalIterator used" << '\n';
    if (n >= 0) 
        while (n--) ++i;
    else 
        while (n++) --i;
}
template <typename RandomAccessIterator, typename Distance>
void advance_impl(RandomAccessIterator& i, Distance n, std::random_access_iterator_tag) {
	std::cout << "RandomAccessIterator used" << '\n';
    i += n;
}
template <typename InputIterator, typename Distance>
void advance_(InputIterator& i, Distance n) {
    typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::iterator_category category;    
    advance_impl(i, n, category);                                               
}
  
int main() {
    // Vector (RandomAccessIterator)
    std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    std::cout << "Vector iterator:" << std::endl;
    auto vecIt = vec.begin();
    std::cout << "Initial value: " << *vecIt << std::endl;
    advance_(vecIt, 3);
    std::cout << "Advanced to: " << *vecIt << std::endl;
    // List (BidirectionalIterator)
    std::list<int> lst = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    std::cout << "\nList iterator:" << std::endl;
    auto lstIt = lst.begin();
    std::cout << "Initial value: " << *lstIt << std::endl;
    advance_(lstIt, 5);
    std::cout << "Advanced to: " << *lstIt << std::endl;
    advance_(lstIt, -2);
    std::cout << "Advanced back to: " << *lstIt << std::endl;
    // Forward List (ForwardIterator, which is a type of InputIterator)
    std::forward_list<int> flst = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    std::cout << "\nForward list iterator:" << std::endl;
    auto flstIt = flst.begin();
    std::cout << "Initial value: " << *flstIt << std::endl;
    advance_(flstIt, 7);
    std::cout << "Advanced to: " << *flstIt << std::endl;
    return 0;
}