
Delve into .NET development with C#, covering programming fundamentals, object-oriented principles, exception handling, and multithreading. Gain hands-on experience to build cross-platform applications effectively.

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.NET is Microsoft’s free and open source framework for developing native software applications on Linux, macOS, and Windows. The power of cross-platform development allows developers to design, code, and run programs on a wide array of platforms.

This course is an introduction to developing .NET applications using C#. You’ll start start with a comprehensive review of C# and computer programming fundamentals: data types, conditionals, loops, methods, and more. You’ll then review the basics of object-oriented programming before diving into methods, exception handling, delegation, and events. With this foundation, you’ll continue building interfaces, collections, database operations, and multithreading. You’ll wrap up with process improvements using dynamic binding, garbage collection, and unmanaged resources.

By the end of this course, you’ll have hands-on experience with C# and .NET, and be ready to build applications using object-oriented programming principles on almost any platform.

Mastering C# and .NET

The `string` type is an alias for the `System.String` class. It’s an immutable data type that represents a sequence of Unicode characters:

```C#
string someText = "Hello World!";
```

The immutability of strings is a very important feature we should constantly take into consideration. **Immutable** means that we can’t change the string. When we want to modify a string object, we just create a new one.

We can think of it this way. Instead of simply changing the property of some object, we create a new object with a different property value. Remember that creating a new object involves allocating memory for that object.

> **Note:** Constantly allocating memory for new class instances may significantly degrade application performance.

Be aware of this fact before generating strings.

# Create strings

The `System.String` is a class. We have several approaches at our disposal to instantiate it:

```C#
// Using a string literal
string someText = "Hello World!";

// By using one of the constructors of the class
string someOtherText = new String(new char[] { 'h', 'u', 'n', 't' });
```

Because `System.String` is a class, it’s a reference type. Therefore, we can assign `null` to a `System.String` variable:

```C#
string someString = null;
```

# Strings and characters

The `System.String` class is a sequence of `char` objects. It has an indexer that lets us work with strings as if they were a `char[]` type object(an array of characters):

```C#
string text = "Hello World!";
Console.WriteLine(text[0]); // Output will be H
```

Also, just like arrays, `System.String` objects have the `Length` property that shows how many `char` objects are stored inside:

```C#
string text = "Hello World!";
Console.WriteLine(text.Length); // 12
```

> **Note:** Spaces are considered characters.

# String operations

Let's look at some of the operations that we can perform on string objects.

## Compare

We can compare the equality of strings or their alphabetical ordering:

Learn more about strings and handling textual information.

Getting Started

C# Programming Basics

Classes and OOP

Classes and OOP II

Exception Handling

First Assessment

Delegates and Events

Interfaces

Additional Features

Collections

LINQ

Working with Strings

Working with Dates and Time

Multithreading and Asynchronous Programming

Reflection

Dynamic Binding

Garbage Collection and Unmanaged Resources

Final Assessment

Next Steps

Appendix

Strings and String Operations