Gain insights into Python by exploring basic to advanced concepts, including loops, classes, and GUIs with Tkinter. Delve into testing and become a productive Python programmer.

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In this course, you will get a comprehensive overview of Python. You will start by laying the foundation and learning the introductory topics like operators, conditional statements, functions, loops, assignment statements, and more. You will then move onto more advanced topics such as classes and inheritance, iterators, list comprehensions, and dictionaries. Along with this, you will also get to explore the concept of testing and take a look at how GUI applications can be designed using Tkinter, Python's standard GUI library. 

By the time you're done, you'll be able to hit the ground running and be equipped with the tools that will allow you to be productive in Python.

Python 3: From Beginner to Advanced

## Numbers

Here are some built-in functions on numbers:

* `abs(x)` returns the absolute value of a number `x` (or the magnitude of a complex number).

* `bin(int)` returns a binary string representation of `int`.
* `chr(int)` returns the character whose Unicode representation is `int`. The inverse operation is `ord`.
* `divmod(x, y)` returns the tuple (`x // y`, `x % y`) for integers.
* `float(x)` converts a string or integer `x` to a floating-point number.
* `hex(int)` returns a hexadecimal string representation of `int`.
* `int(x)` converts a string `x` to an integer, or truncates a float `x` to an integer.
* `oct(int)` returns an octal string representation of `int`.
* `pow(x, y)` returns `x` to the power `y`.
* `round(float)` returns the integer nearest to the given `float` value.
* `round(float, int)` returns `float` rounded to `int` digits after the decimal point.

## Math

Here are some of the functions you get if you import the `math` module:

* `math.ceil(x)` returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to `x`.

* `math.floor(x)` returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to `x`.
* `math.trunc(x)` returns the integer value obtained by dropping everything after the decimal point.
* `math.sqrt(x)` returns the square root of `x`.
* `math.log(x)` and `math.log10(x)` return the natural logarithm and the base 10 logarithm of `x`, respectively.
* All the usual trig functions: `sin`, `cos`, `acos`, `radians`, etc.
* Also in the math library: the constants `math.pi`, `math.e`, and `math.tau`.

## Random

Here are some of the functions that you get if you import the `random` module:

* `random.choice(seq)` returns a randomly chosen element **with a replacement** from the sequence `seq`.

* `random.shuffle(seq)` shuffles the sequence `seq` in place (that is, the original list is changed).
* `random.random()` returns a random floating-point number, `r`, in the range `0.0 ≤ r < 1.0`.
* `random.randint(a, b)` returns a random integer, `r`, in the range `a ≤ r ≤ b`.

> **Reminder**: If you use the  `from module import *`  version of the `import` statement, you can leave off the `module` prefix (in this case, `math.` and `random.`).

# Numbers

Here are some built-in functions on numbers:

* `abs(x)` returns the absolute value of a number `x` (or the magnitude of a complex number).

* `bin(int)` returns a binary string representation of `int`.
* `chr(int)` returns the character whose Unicode representation is `int`. The inverse operation is `ord`.
* `divmod(x, y)` returns the tuple (`x // y`, `x % y`) for integers.
* `float(x)` converts a string or integer `x` to a floating-point number.
* `hex(int)` returns a hexadecimal string representation of `int`.
* `int(x)` converts a string `x` to an integer, or truncates a float `x` to an integer.
* `oct(int)` returns an octal string representation of `int`.
* `pow(x, y)` returns `x` to the power `y`.
* `round(float)` returns the integer nearest to the given `float` value.
* `round(float, int)` returns `float` rounded to `int` digits after the decimal point.

# Math

Here are some of the functions you get if you import the `math` module:

* `math.ceil(x)` returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to `x`.

* `math.floor(x)` returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to `x`.
* `math.trunc(x)` returns the integer value obtained by dropping everything after the decimal point.
* `math.sqrt(x)` returns the square root of `x`.
* `math.log(x)` and `math.log10(x)` return the natural logarithm and the base 10 logarithm of `x`, respectively.
* All the usual trig functions: `sin`, `cos`, `acos`, `radians`, etc.
* Also in the math library: the constants `math.pi`, `math.e`, and `math.tau`.

# Random

Here are some of the functions that you get if you import the `random` module:

* `random.choice(seq)` returns a randomly chosen element **with a replacement** from the sequence `seq`.

* `random.shuffle(seq)` shuffles the sequence `seq` in place (that is, the original list is changed).
* `random.random()` returns a random floating-point number, `r`, in the range `0.0 ≤ r < 1.0`.
* `random.randint(a, b)` returns a random integer, `r`, in the range `a ≤ r ≤ b`.

> **Reminder**: If you use the  `from module import *`  version of the `import` statement, you can leave off the `module` prefix (in this case, `math.` and `random.`).

Learn about the different numerical functions available in Python.

Introduction

The Absolute Bare Minimum

Better Tools

Classes

Getting Fancy

Testing

Graphical User Interfaces

Modules

Appendix

I Guess We're Doing Python Now Exam

Numerical Functions

Numbers