Gain insights into adding Java, TestNG, and Selenium automation projects to Azure DevOps, sharing repositories, and running tests through CI/CD pipelines efficiently.

Dockerfile.tar.gz

Docker Job

Chrome Job

Azure Chrome Job

We all write automated tests using Selenium WebDriver and Java. While developing and testing our automation code, we run it locally on our computers. Others should be able to change or run the code as well. This becomes possible when the code is added to a repository, from which other people can also access it. Once the code is in a repository, it can be executed in a CI/CD environment - such as Jenkins or Azure DevOps - through pipelines. This is the focus of this course. 

In this course, we will add a local automation project built with Java, TestNG, and Selenium to an Azure DevOps project, share the repository with other people and run its tests through pipelines.

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Run Selenium Java Tests In Azure DevOps

The `DriverFactory` class provides a static method for creating a driver for a specific browser. 

package framework;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;

public class DriverFactory {
	
  private static final String DRIVER_PATH = "./src/main/resources/";
	
  private DriverFactory()
  {
  }

  public static WebDriver getDriver(String name) 
          throws MalformedURLException
  {
     if (!name.equals("chrome"))
        throw new RuntimeException(name + " is  not a valid driver name!");
	    	
     if (isWindows())
     {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", 
                           DRIVER_PATH + "chromedriver.exe");
 
        return new ChromeDriver(options());
     }
	    	
     if (isUnix())
     {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", 
                           DRIVER_PATH + "chromedriver");

        return new ChromeDriver(headlessOptions());
     }
	    	
     throw new RuntimeException("unknown operating system!");
  }
	 
  private static ChromeOptions options()
  {
     ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
     options.addArguments("--window-size=1280,800");

     return options;
  }

  private static ChromeOptions headlessOptions()
  {
     ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
	     
     options.addArguments("--window-size=1280,800");
     options.addArguments("--disable-gpu");
     options.addArguments("--disable-setuid-sandbox");
     options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");
     options.addArguments("--headless");
     options.addArguments("--verbose");
     options.addArguments("--whitelisted-ips=");
     options.addArguments("--disable-extensions");

     return options;
  }
	  
  private static boolean isWindows() 
  {
     return OS().indexOf("win") >= 0;
  }

  private static boolean isUnix() 
  {

     String os = OS();
		 
     return (
              os.indexOf("nix") >= 0 || 
              os.indexOf("nux") >= 0 || 
              os.indexOf("aix") > 0 );

  }
	  
  private static String OS()
  {
    return System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase();
  }

}

# The driver files
The project uses **two** driver files that are both located in the path stored in the `DRIVER_PATH` variable (line 10):

- One for Linux (`chromedriver`)</li>
- the other for Windows (`chromedriver.exe`)

# Private constructor
The `DriverFactory` class cannot be instantiated because of the private constructor (lines 12–14).

# `getDriver()` method
The static method `getDriver()` creates a driver for a specific browser (lines 16–39). The browser name is passed as a parameter to the method. 

The method starts by checking if the browser name is valid (lines 19–20). Then, it creates the driver for the current operating system.

# Driver for chrome in Windows
If the operating system is Windows, the `chromedriver.exe` driver file is used (lines 22–28). The chrome driver is created with options that are valid for a headed browser (meaning a browser with a graphical user interface).

The options passed to the chrome driver are minimal and just set the browser window size. This is done in the `options()` method (lines 41–47).

# Driver for chrome in Linux
If the operating system is Linux, the `chromedriver` driver file is used instead (lines 30–36). The chrome driver is created with options that apply to a headless browser (a browser without a graphical user interface). This is going to be important when running the Selenium tests in Docker containers because, in Docker containers, tests run in headless mode.

The headless options are more complex than the ones used for a headed browser. They are set in the `headlessOptions()` method (lines 49–63).
<hr/>

> ### Hints
> The `DriverFactory` class could have additional options for its drivers.
>
> It is sometimes useful to create a chrome driver using a chrome driver service, or to specify the chrome browser binary, or to change the default downloads folder of the chrome browser.

Learn how to implement the DriverFactory class to create a driver for Windows (in headed mode) and for Linux (in headless mode).

Introduction

The Selenium Automation Project

The Automation Framework

Run The Automated Tests in Local Browsers

Run The Automated Tests in Docker Containers

Create the Project In Azure DevOps

Run The Automated Tests in Azure DevOps Pipelines

Run the Automated Tests In Pipelines Using Docker Containers

Wrapping Up

Appendix

DriverFactory Class