Significance of State

How to access State variable

State is kept in the instance variable @state ( we can name it however we want), and by default, there is no standard way to access this variable from outside. There is no limitation about how a state should look. . We might want to use 10 instance variables and implement sophisticated business logic inside our class, but the API—in our case, these two methods, open and how_are_you—remains the same.

Similar to a real car, we might want to play music inside. However, unless our API implements it, nobody will ever notice we have music playing inside. This principle is known as encapsulation.

Suppose that, when driving down the road, we meet a hitchhiker. The hitchhiker is shy, so they don’t want to open the car ...