Gain insights into OOP with C#. Delve into practical coding examples and exercises, exploring OOP concepts through a real-world vending machine project to understand and apply them effectively.

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Object-oriented programming (OOP) has been around for decades. As the original object-oriented language, C# is a mainstay in the world of computer programming.

All the concepts of object-oriented programming that C# developers love to have in their arsenal are explained in detail along with relevant coding examples and exercises in this course.

This course is unique in its nature as it follows a project-based learning approach. Throughout the course, a real-world example of vending machine is followed to help the learners develop a firm understanding of the stated OOP concepts.

The learners will not only be able to play around with the project,  they’ll also be able to see all the concepts in action in this project.

Learn Object-Oriented Programming in C#

# Polymorphism in Shapes
Shapes are a perfect example of polymorphism. There are many types of shapes, e.g., circles, triangles, squares, rectangles, etc. Each of these shapes has an *area* but the way it is calculated is different for each shape. For example, a square's area will be calculated as follows:

$$
 SquareArea = (side)^2
$$
On the other hand, the area of a circle will be calculated as follows:
$$

CircleArea = pi*r^2

$$

Consider we have a base class, `Shape`, and a derived class, `Circle`.
# Problem Statement

Write a method in the `Circle` class which overrides the `virtual` method `CalcArea()` and returns `double` in the 
 `Shape`  class. The overriding method calculates the area of a circle and returns it.

> The value of Pi is 3.14.

You are given a partially completed code in the editor. Modify the code so that the code prints the following:

## Input
A radius

## Output
The area of the circle with the given radius

## Sample Input

```c#
       Shape circle = new Circle(2);
```

## Sample Output
```Java
       circle.CalcArea() = 12.56
          
```



Can you override the CalcArea() method in a derived class? A solution is placed in the solution section to help you, but we suggest you try to solve it on your own first.

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming

Classes and Objects

Data Hiding

Inheritance

Polymorphism

Abstract Classes and Interfaces

Composition, Aggregation and Association

Challenge 2: Implement and Override a Method

Polymorphism in Shapes