Explore OOP in C++ to write cleaner, modular, and scalable code. Learn classes in C++, data hiding, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism in C++.

Become  a C++ Programmer

This module aims to teach us how to write cleaner, more modular, and scalable code in C++ by providing an understanding of OOP in C++. We'll start with the basics of object-oriented programming and build up to advanced concepts such as inheritance, data hiding, and polymorphism. Along the way, we'll explore how each concept applies to C++ and how various C++ features facilitate OOP.

Object-Oriented Programming in C++

## Problem Statement 

Write a code that has:
* A **parent** *class* named `Account`. 
  * Inside it *define*: 
    * a protected float member `balance` 
  * We have three pure virtual functions:   
    * `void Withdraw(float amount)` 
    * `void Deposit(float amount)`
    * `void printBalance()`
   

* Then, there are **two derived** *classes* 
  * `Savings` class  
     * has a *private* member `interest_rate` set to 0.8
     * `Withdraw(float amount)` deducts *amount* from *balance* with *interest_rate*
        * `Deposit(float amount)` adds *amount* in *balance* with *interest_rate*
        * `printBalance()` displays the balance in the *account*
  * `Current` class 
     * `Withdraw(float amount)` deducts *amount* from *balance*
        * `Deposit(float amount)` adds *amount* in *balance*
        * `printBalance()` displays the balance in the *account*`


### Input 
* In `Savings` class, `balance` is set to **50000** in parametrized constructor of `Savings` object called by `Account` class 
* In `Current` class, `balance` is set to **50000** in parametrized constructor of `Current` object called by `Account` class 

Here's a sample result which you should get.

### Sample Input 
```C++
  Account * acc[2];
  acc[0] = new Savings(50000);  
  acc[0]->Deposit(1000);
  acc[0]->printBalance();
  
  acc[0]->Withdraw(3000);
  acc[0]->printBalance();
  
  acc[1] = new Current(50000);
  acc[1]->Deposit(1000);
  acc[1]->printBalance();
  
  acc[1]->Withdraw(3000);
  acc[1]->printBalance();   
```

### Sample Output

# Problem Statement 

Write a code that has:
* A **parent** *class* named `Account`. 
  * Inside it *define*: 
    * a protected float member `balance` 
  * We have three pure virtual functions:   
    * `void Withdraw(float amount)` 
    * `void Deposit(float amount)`
    * `void printBalance()`
   

* Then, there are **two derived** *classes* 
  * `Savings` class  
     * has a *private* member `interest_rate` set to 0.8
     * `Withdraw(float amount)` deducts *amount* from *balance* with *interest_rate*
        * `Deposit(float amount)` adds *amount* in *balance* with *interest_rate*
        * `printBalance()` displays the balance in the *account*
  * `Current` class 
     * `Withdraw(float amount)` deducts *amount* from *balance*
        * `Deposit(float amount)` adds *amount* in *balance*
        * `printBalance()` displays the balance in the *account*`


## Input 
* In `Savings` class, `balance` is set to **50000** in parametrized constructor of `Savings` object called by `Account` class 
* In `Current` class, `balance` is set to **50000** in parametrized constructor of `Current` object called by `Account` class 

Here's a sample result which you should get.

## Sample Input 
```C++
  Account * acc[2];
  acc[0] = new Savings(50000);  
  acc[0]->Deposit(1000);
  acc[0]->printBalance();
  
  acc[0]->Withdraw(3000);
  acc[0]->printBalance();
  
  acc[1] = new Current(50000);
  acc[1]->Deposit(1000);
  acc[1]->printBalance();
  
  acc[1]->Withdraw(3000);
  acc[1]->printBalance();   
```

## Sample Output

In this challenge, we'll implement an account class along with two derived classes saving and current.

Introduction

Classes

Data Hiding

Inheritance

Polymorphism

Conclusion

Challenge 2: Implement a Class Using Pure Virtual Functions

Problem Statement