File Streams

File streams enable us to work with files. They need the header <fstream>. The file streams automatically manage their file for its whole lifetime.

Whether we use a file stream for input, output, or with the character type char or wchar_t there are various file stream classes:

Class	Use
std::ifstream and std::wifstream	File stream for the input of data of type char and wchar_t.
std::ofstream and std::wofstream	File stream for the output of data of type char and wchar_t.
std::fstream and std::wfstream	File stream for the input and output of data of type char and wchar_t.
std::filebuf and std::wfilebuf	Data buffer of type char and wchar_t.

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