Gain insights into functional programming in Python, learn about functions as objects, recursion, closures, and generators, and discover how to confidently apply these concepts to your projects.

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The functional programming paradigm can be a powerful tool, especially as it can be integrated seamlessly with procedural and object-oriented code in Python. 

In this course, you’ll learn what functional programming is, how it’s used, and the features of Python that support it. To start, you’ll learn how functions act as objects, the role of mutability, and how to perform recursion. 

In the latter half of the course, you’ll focus on closures, iterables & iterators, generators, and more. Throughout the course will be three exams which will test your understanding and really drive home what you’ve learned.  

By the end, you’ll have a new programming paradigm to add under your belt and have the confidence to start using functional programming in your own projects.

Learn Functional Programming in Python

You should be familiar with Python sequences. A sequence is an ordered collection of items, the most common ones being *lists, strings, and tuples*. But sequences rely on a couple of lower level types that are important in functional programming: **iterators** and **iterables**. 


# Iterators 

In Python, an **iterator** is an object that can be used to iterate over a series of values, one after the other. Specifically, an iterator can be passed into the built-in function, `next`, to get the next value in the series. 

In the previous [chapter](https://www.educative.io/courses/learn-functional-programming-in-python/creating-anonymous-functions) on closures, we used `map` to apply the `round` function to all the elements in a list, as shown here:

Get introduced to iterators in Python and develop an understanding of how they work.

Introduction

Functions as Objects

Mutability

Recursion

Functional Programming in Python - Exam 1

Closures

Iterators

Transforming Iterables

Reducing Iterables

Functional Programming in Python - Exam 2

Comprehensions

Generators

Partial Application and Currying

Functors and Monads

Functional Programming in Python - Exam 3

Useful Libraries

Conclusion

What Is an Iterator?

Iterators