Explore the power of C++ templates, from function and class basics to advanced features like instantiation and concepts, enhancing code flexibility, reusability, and abstraction without performance loss.

cpp17.tar.gz

C++17

C++20

Templates are one of the many powerful features of Modern C++ programming. And with each new C++ standard, they become more important. 

Templates provide an efficient way to make your code more flexible and reusable, this way you can avoid repeating code that would otherwise be identical except for different types. Templates also give you the ability to provide abstraction without a performance penalty.

However, templates can be difficult to apply, can be counterintuitive, and have tricky error messages.

This course gives you the necessary information to overcome these hurdles and dive into the advanced topics. You’ll visit the basics such as function and class templates, and then explore the details to templates such as instantiation and fold expressions. Our journey also includes techniques based on templates, the design, and future directions of templates such as concepts. Based on this exhaustive tour of templates, a basic understanding of C++ is sufficient to master this course.

Let’s get started!

Generic Programming Templates in C++

# Solution Review of Problem Statement 2 

// printf.cpp

#include <iostream>
 
void myPrintf(const char* format) 
{
    std::cout << format;
}
 
template<typename T, typename... Args>
void myPrintf(const char* format, T value, Args... args)
{
    for ( ; *format != '\0'; format++ ) {
        if ( *format == '%' ) {
           std::cout << value;
           myPrintf(format+1, args...);
           return;
        }
        std::cout << *format;
    }
}
 
int main(){
    myPrintf("% world% %\n","Hello",'!',2011);
}


## Explanation

The `printf` function uses variadic templates to implement a type-safe `printf` variant. The format string is specified and thanks to function template argument deduction, the compiler deduces the types. 

The function templates loops (line 13) as long as the format symbol is not equal to `\0`. When the format symbol is not equal to `\0`, two control flows are possible. First, if the format starts with `%` (line 14), the first argument value is displayed, and `myPrintf` is invoked once more but with a new format symbol and an argument less (line 16). Second, if the format string does not start with `%`, the format symbol is just displayed (line 19). The function `myPrintf` (line 5) is the boundary condition for the recursive calls.

In this lesson, we'll look at the solution review of the problem statement 2 form last exercise.

Introduction

Basics

Details

Techniques

Design

Future

Conclusion

- Solution

Solution