Explore the full potential of C++ by mastering the standard library.

Become a C++ Programmer

The C++ standard library is a collection of all the tools and utilities available in C++. It received its latest update in 2017, known as C++17. The update introduces many new features that further optimize our code. This module will help us fully grasp C++ and use it to its full potential.

C++ Standard Library

Strings have many operations that can modify them. `str.assign` assigns a new string to the string `str`. With `str.swap` we can swap two strings. To remove a character from a string use `str.pop_back` or `str.erase`.  On the contrary, `str.clear` or `str.erase` deletes the whole string. To append new characters to a string, use `+=,  std.append` or `str.push_back`.  We can use `str.insert` to insert new characters or `str.replace` to replace them.  

| **Methods** | **Description** |
|-|-|
| `str= str2` | Assigns `str2` to `str`. |
| `str.assign(...)` |  Assigns a new string to `str`. |
| `str.swap(str2)` | Swaps `str` and `str2`. |
| `str.pop_back()` | Removes the last character from `str`. |
| `str.erase(...)` | Removes characters from `str`. 
| `str.clear()` | Clears the `str`. |
| `str.append(...)` | Appends characters to `str`. |
| `str.push_back(s)` | Appends the character `s` to `str`. |
| `str.insert(pos, ...)` | Inserts characters in `str` starting at `pos`. |
| `str.replace(pos, len, ...)` | Replaces the `len` characters from `str` starting at `pos` | 
<p> <strong> Methods for modifying a string </strong> </p>

The operations have many overloaded versions. The methods `str.assign`, `str.append`, `str.insert`, and `str.replace` are very similar. All four can not only be invoked with C++ strings and substrings but also characters, C strings, C string arrays, ranges, and initializer lists. `str.erase` can not only erase a single character and whole ranges, but also many characters starting at a given position. 

The following code snippet shows many of the variations. For the sake of simplicity, only the effects of the strings modifications are displayed: 

C++ gives us a variety of tools to modify and manipulate strings.

Modifying Operations