Explore the full potential of C++ by mastering the standard library.

Become a C++ Programmer

The C++ standard library is a collection of all the tools and utilities available in C++. It received its latest update in 2017, known as C++17. The update introduces many new features that further optimize our code. This module will help us fully grasp C++ and use it to its full potential.

C++ Standard Library

A reference wrapper is a [copy-constructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible) and [copy-assignable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyAssignable) wrapper for a object of type&, which is defined in the header `<functional>`. So you have an object, that behaves like a reference, but can be copied. Contrary to classic references, [`std::reference_wrapper`](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/functional/reference_wrapper) objects support two additional use cases:

* You can use them in containers of the Standard Template Library. `std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<int>> myIntRefVector`
* You can copy instances of classes, which have `std::reference_wrapper` objects. That is in general not possible with references.

To access the reference of a  `std::reference_wrapper<int> myInt(1)`, the get method can be used: `myInt.get()`. You can use a reference wrapper to encapsulate and invoke a callable.

C++ takes reference functionality one step higher by introducing reference wrappers!

The Standard Library

Overview

Application of Libraries

Useful Functions

Adaptors for Functions

Pairs and Tuples

Reference Wrappers

Smart Pointers

Type Traits

Time Library

std::any, std::optional, and std::variant

Containers in General

Sequential Containers

Associative Containers in General

Ordered Associative Containers

Unordered Associative Containers

Adaptors for Containers

Iterators

Callable Units

Algorithms

Non-Modifying Algorithms

Modifying Algorithms

More Algorithms

New Algorithms with C++17

Numeric

Strings

String View

Regular Expressions

Input and Output Streams

Conclusion

Introduction