Explore the full potential of C++ by mastering the standard library.

Become a C++ Programmer

The C++ standard library is a collection of all the tools and utilities available in C++. It received its latest update in 2017, known as C++17. The update introduces many new features that further optimize our code. This module will help us fully grasp C++ and use it to its full potential.

C++ Standard Library

We can construct each container using a multitude of constructors. To delete all elements of a container `cont`, use `cont.clear()`. It makes no difference if you create and delete a container or if we add and remove elements. Each time the container takes care of memory management. 

The table shows the constructors and destructors of a container. All these functions can be used with `std:vector`.

| **Type** | **Example** |
|-|-|
| Default | `std::vector<int> vec1` |
| Range | `std::vector<int> vec2(vec1.begin(), vec1.end())` |
| Copy | `std::vector<int> vec3(vec2)` |
| Copy | `std::vector<int> vec3= vec2` |
| Move | `std::vector<int> vec4(std::move(vec3))` |
| Move | `std::vector<int> vec4= std::move(vec3)` |
| Sequence (Initializer list) | `std::vector<int> vec5 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}` |
| Sequence (Initializer list) | `std::vector<int> vec5= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}` |
| Destructor | `vec5.~vector()` |
| Delete elements | `vec5.clear()` |
<p> <strong> Creation and deletion of a container </strong> </p>

Because `std::array` is generated at compile-time, there are a few things that are special. `std::array` has no move constructor and can't be created with a range or with an initializer list. However,  an `std::array` can be initialized with an aggregate initialization. Also, `std::array` has no method for removing its elements. 

Now we can use the different constructors on the different containers. 

Below,  we examine the different methods available for constructing and destroying containers with particular parameters.

Create and Delete