Explore the full potential of C++ by mastering the standard library.

Become a C++ Programmer

The C++ standard library is a collection of all the tools and utilities available in C++. It received its latest update in 2017, known as C++17. The update introduces many new features that further optimize our code. This module will help us fully grasp C++ and use it to its full potential.

C++ Standard Library

If you overload the input and output operators, your data type behaves like a built-in data type.

friend std::istream& operator>> (std::istream& in, Fraction& frac);
friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& out, const Fraction& frac);

For overloading the input and output operators you have to keep a few rules in mind:

* To support the chaining of input and output operations you have to get and return the input and output streams by non-constant reference.

* To access the private members of the class, the input and output operators have to be *friends* of your data type.

* The input operator `>>` takes its data type as a non-constant reference.

* The output operator `<<` takes its data type as a constant reference.

We can also set our own preferences for the input and output operators. 

User-defined Data Types 

We can also set our own preferences for the input and output operators.